The influence of constant lighting and chronic alcohol intoxication on the structure of mitochondria in hepatocytes of Wistar rats
Abstract
Background. One of the most
significant factors of disruption of homeostasis is a violation of the
light-dark regime, in particular, light pollution. Light pollution disrupts
endogenous circadian rhythms and also suppresses the nocturnal secretion of
melatonin by the pineal gland. The latter results in accelerated aging and the
development of cancer and metabolic pathologies. Excessive alcohol consumption
remains one of the most significant social problems, both in our country and
worldwide. Most of the available literature characterizes the effect of chronic
alcohol intoxication (CAI) and dark deprivation on the structure of the liver
of laboratory animals. However, we have not found any studies examining the
influence of these factors on the ultrastructural features of hepatocyte
mitochondria, which is relevant due to the fact that mitochondrial dysfunction
plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases.
Aim. To study the morphometric
features of mitochondria in male Wistar rats under conditions of 21-day dark
deprivation, chronic alcohol intoxication and their combined effects.
Material and methods. The ultrastructure
of mitochondria in hepatocytes of Wistar rats subjected to dark deprivation,
alcohol intoxication and the combined action of these factors was studied using
transmission electron microscopy and morphometry.
Results. Quantitative and qualitative
changes in the ultrastructure of mitochondria were established, which are
fundamentally different during dark deprivation and during alcohol
intoxication, both as a separate factor and in combination with dark
deprivation.
Conclusion. The study
demonstrates the manifestation of hepatoprotective properties of epiphyseal
melatonin at the level of mitochondria of liver cells, demonstrating both the
unfavorable effect of its isolated deficiency and increased toxic damage to the
liver by ethanol in the absence of this hormone.
Keywords:transmission electron microscopy; ultrastructural pathology; hepatocyte; mitochondria
Funding. The study was carried out within
the framework of the state assignment of the Research Institute of Human
Morphology named after Academician A.P. Avtsyn, Petrovsky National Research
Center of Surgery, # 122030200535-1.
Conflict of interest. The author declares
no conflict of interest.
For citation: Areshidze D.A. The influence of constant lighting and chronic alcohol
intoxication on the structure of mitochondria in hepatocytes of Wistar rats.
Clinical and Experimental Surgery. Petrovsky Journal. 2024; 12 (2): 64–70. DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33029/2308-1198-2024-12-2-64-70 (in Russian)
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